Multiple assignment in Python: Assign multiple values or the same value to multiple variables
In Python, the = operator is used to assign values to variables.
You can assign values to multiple variables in one line.
Assign multiple values to multiple variables
Assign the same value to multiple variables.
You can assign multiple values to multiple variables by separating them with commas , .
You can assign values to more than three variables, and it is also possible to assign values of different data types to those variables.
When only one variable is on the left side, values on the right side are assigned as a tuple to that variable.
If the number of variables on the left does not match the number of values on the right, a ValueError occurs. You can assign the remaining values as a list by prefixing the variable name with * .
For more information on using * and assigning elements of a tuple and list to multiple variables, see the following article.
- Unpack a tuple and list in Python
You can also swap the values of multiple variables in the same way. See the following article for details:
- Swap values in a list or values of variables in Python
You can assign the same value to multiple variables by using = consecutively.
For example, this is useful when initializing multiple variables with the same value.
After assigning the same value, you can assign a different value to one of these variables. As described later, be cautious when assigning mutable objects such as list and dict .
You can apply the same method when assigning the same value to three or more variables.
Be careful when assigning mutable objects such as list and dict .
If you use = consecutively, the same object is assigned to all variables. Therefore, if you change the value of an element or add a new element in one variable, the changes will be reflected in the others as well.
If you want to handle mutable objects separately, you need to assign them individually.
after c = []; d = [] , c and d are guaranteed to refer to two different, unique, newly created empty lists. (Note that c = d = [] assigns the same object to both c and d .) 3. Data model — Python 3.11.3 documentation
You can also use copy() or deepcopy() from the copy module to make shallow and deep copies. See the following article.
- Shallow and deep copy in Python: copy(), deepcopy()
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And you can assign the same value to multiple variables in one line:
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python – How Python assign multiple variables at one line works?
In Python, you can assign multiple variables at once using a single line of code by separating the variables with commas. This process is known as tuple unpacking. Here are eight examples explaining how multiple variable assignment works in Python: Example 1: python a, b, c = 1, 2, 3 In this example, the values 1, 2, and 3 are being assigned to the variables a, b, and c, respectively. This is equivalent to performing three individual assignments: `a = 1`, `b = 2`, and `c = 3`. Example 2: python x = y = z = 0 In this example, the value 0 is assigned to all three variables x, y, and z. This is a shorthand notation for performing three individual assignments: `x = 0`, `y = 0`, and `z = 0`. Example 3: python a, b = 1, 2, 3 In this example, we are assigning three values (1, 2, and 3) to just two variables (a and b). This will result in a ValueError because the number of values on the right side does not match the number of variables on the left side. Example 4: python a, *b, c = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 In this example, the first value 1 is assigned to variable a, the last value 5 is assigned to variable c, and the remaining values (2, 3, and 4) are assigned to variable b as a list. The asterisk (*) is used to collect the remaining values into a list. Example 5: python a, b = b, a This is known as swapping the values of two variables. The value of variable a is assigned to variable b, and the value of b is assigned to variable a. This allows you to exchange the values stored in two variables without needing a temporary variable. Example 6: python a, b = "Hello" In this example, the string “Hello” is being assigned to the variables a and b. Since the string has five characters, this will result in a ValueError because the number of characters in the string does not match the number of variables. Example 7: python a, _, c = (1, 2, 3) In this example, we are assigning the first value (1) to variable a, ignoring the second value with an underscore (_), and assigning the third value (3) to variable c. This is useful when you only need specific values from a larger tuple or list. Example 8: python a, b, *c = range(10) In this example, the first two values (0 and 1) are being assigned to variables a and b, respectively. The remaining values (2 to 9) are assigned to variable c as a list. The `range(10)` generates numbers from 0 to 9. By using multiple variable assignment, you can efficiently assign values to multiple variables in a concise and readable manner.
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Assign Multiple Variables in Python
By James L.
In this article, we will discuss the following topics:
Assign the same value to multiple variables
- Assign multiple values to multiple variables (Tuple Unpacking)
We can assign the same value to multiple variables in Python by using the assignment operator ( = ) consecutively between the variable names and assigning a single value at the end.
For example:
a = b = c = 200
The above code is equivalent to
In the above example, all three variables a , b , and c are assigned a value of 200 .
If we have assigned the same value to multiple variables in one line, then we must be very careful when modifying or updating any of the variables.
Lots of beginners get this wrong. Keep in mind that everything in Python is an object and some objects in Python are mutable and some are immutable.
Immutable objects are objects whose value cannot be changed or modified after they have been assigned a value.
Mutable objects are objects whose value can be changed or modified even after they have been assigned a value.
For immutable objects like numeric types (int, float, bool, and complex), str, and tuple, if we update the value of any of the variables, it will not affect others.
In the above example, I initially assigned a value of 200 to all three variables a , b , and c . Later I changed the value of variable b to 500 . When I printed all three variables, we can see that only the value of variable b is changed to 500 while the values of variables a and c are still 200 .
Note : In Python, immutable data types and immutable objects are the same. Also, mutable data types and mutable objects are the same. This may not be the case in other programming languages.
For mutable objects like list, dict, and set, if we update the value of any one of the variables. The value of other variables also gets changed.
In the above example, I initially assigned [1, 2, 3, 4] to all three lists a , b , and c . Later I appended a value of 10 to the list b . When I print all three lists to the console, we can see that the value of 10 is not just appended to list b , it is appended to all three lists a , b , and c .
Assigning the same value of mutable data types to multiple variables in a single line may not be a good idea. The whole purpose of having a mutable object in Python is so that we can update the values.
If you are sure that you won’t be updating the values of mutable data types, then you can assign values of mutable data types to multiple variables in a single line. Otherwise, you should assign them separately.
a = [1, 2, 3, 4]
b = [1, 2, 3, 4]
c = [1, 2, 3, 4]
The value of immutable objects cannot be changed doesn’t mean the variable assigned with an immutable object cannot be reassigned to a different value. It simply means the value cannot be changed but the same variable can be assigned a new value.
We can see this behavior of an object by printing the id of the object by using the id() function. The id is the memory address of the object. In Python, all objects have a unique id.
The ID of immutable object:
In the above example, I initially assigned a value of 100 to variable a . When I printed the id of variable a to the console, it is 1686573813072 . Later I changed the value of a to 200 . Now when I print the id of variable a , it is 1686573816272 . Since the id of variable a in the beginning and after I changed the value is different, we can conclude that variable a was pointing to a different memory address in the beginning and now it is pointing to a different memory address. It means that the previous object with its value is replaced by the new object with its new value.
Note : The id will be different from my output id for your machine. May even change every time you run the program.
The ID of mutable object:
In the above example, I have assigned [1, 2, 3, 4] to list a . When I printed the id of list a , it is 1767333244416 . Later, I appended a value of 10 to the list a . When I print the id of the list a , it is still 1767333244416 . Since the id of the list a in the beginning and after I appended a value is the same, we can conclude that list a is still pointing to the same memory address. This means that the value of list a is modified.
Assign multiple variables to the multiple values (Tuple Unpacking)
In Python, we can assign multiple values separated by commas to multiple variables separated by commas in one line using the assignment operator ( = ) .
a, b, c = 100, 200, 300
In the above example, variable a is assigned a value of 100 , variable b is assigned a value of 200 , and variable c is assigned a value of 300 respectively.
We have to make sure that the number of variables is equal to the number of values. Otherwise, it will throw an error.
We can also assign values of different data types to multiple variables in one line.
a, b, c = 2.5, 400, "Hello World"
In the above example, variable a is assigned a value of float data type, variable b is assigned a value of integer data type, and c is assigned a value of string data type.
If the number of values is more than the number of variables, we can still assign those values to multiple variables by placing an asterisk (*) before the variable.
Notice the variable with an asterisk (*) is assigned a list.
This method of assigning multiple variables to multiple values is also called tuple unpacking. In the above examples, what we are doing is, we are unpacking the elements of a tuple and assigning them to multiple separate variables.
In Python, we can create tuples with or without parenthesis.
E.g. a = 1, 2, 3 and a = (1, 2, 3) both are the same thing.
Our first example of assigning multiple variables to multiple values can also be written as:
We can also assign tuples to multiple variables directly.
a, b, c = (100, 200, 300)
We can also unpack other iterable objects like lists, sets, and dictionaries.
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Python Many Values to Multiple Variables
Answered on: Sunday 30 July, 2023 / Duration: 20 min read
Programming Language: Python , Popularity : 7/10
Solution 1:
In Python, you can assign multiple values to multiple variables in a single line of code. This is often referred to as "unpacking" or "multiple assignment." The number of variables on the left side of the assignment operator ( = ) should match the number of values on the right side, which can be a tuple, list, or any other iterable.
Here's an example of how to use multiple assignment in Python:
Multiple assignment is a convenient feature in Python that allows you to assign values to multiple variables in a concise and readable manner. It is particularly useful when dealing with functions that return multiple values, iterating over collections, or handling various data structures.
Solution 2:
In Python, it is possible to assign multiple values to multiple variables in a single line using the concept of tuple assignment. This is also known as "packing" or "unpacking".
In this example, we have assigned three values (1, 2, and 3) to three variables (a, b, and c) in a single line. The comma separates the values and the equals sign assigns them to the corresponding variables.
This way, we can assign a single value to two or more variables.
It's important to note that when assigning multiple values to multiple variables, the number of values must match the number of variables. Also, it's not possible to assign less values than the number of variables, if so, it will raise a SyntaxError.
It's also worth mentioning that this feature of Python is called "tuple packing" and it's a concise way of assigning multiple values to multiple variables in one step. It makes the code more readable and easier to write.
Please let me know if there is anything else I can assist you with.
Solution 3:
In Python, you can assign multiple variables at once. This is often called "unpacking" and it works with any iterable object. This feature allows values to be unpacked directly into variables in a way that is often more convenient, readable, and efficient than accessing them through indices or calling next() on an iterator.
Here is a simple example:
In this example, we have a list values with three values. We can assign these values to three variables ( name , age , and major ) in a single line. The first value in the list (which is "Alice") is assigned to the first variable ( name ), the second value is assigned to the second variable, and so on.
Note that the number of variables must match the number of values, or else Python will raise a ValueError . This is true for other iterables as well:
Python also provides a method to assign the same value to several variables at once:
In this case, the integer 0 is assigned to all three variables ( x , y , and z ).
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Multiple Assignment Syntax in Python
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The multiple assignment syntax, often referred to as tuple unpacking or extended unpacking, is a powerful feature in Python. There are several ways to assign multiple values to variables at once.
Let's start with a first example that uses extended unpacking . This syntax is used to assign values from an iterable (in this case, a string) to multiple variables:
a : This variable will be assigned the first element of the iterable, which is 'D' in the case of the string 'Devlabs'.
*b : The asterisk (*) before b is used to collect the remaining elements of the iterable (the middle characters in the string 'Devlabs') into a list: ['e', 'v', 'l', 'a', 'b']
c : This variable will be assigned the last element of the iterable: 's'.
The multiple assignment syntax can also be used for numerous other tasks:
Swapping Values
This swaps the values of variables a and b without needing a temporary variable.
Splitting a List
first will be 1, and rest will be a list containing [2, 3, 4, 5] .
Assigning Multiple Values from a Function
This assigns the values returned by get_values() to x, y, and z.
Ignoring Values
Here, you're ignoring the first value with an underscore _ and assigning "Hello" to the important_value . In Python, the underscore is commonly used as a convention to indicate that a variable is being intentionally ignored or is a placeholder for a value that you don't intend to use.
Unpacking Nested Structures
This unpacks a nested structure (Tuple in this example) into separate variables. We can use similar syntax also for Dictionaries:
In this case, we first extract the 'person' dictionary from data, and then we use multiple assignment to further extract values from the nested dictionaries, making the code more concise.
Extended Unpacking with Slicing
first will be 1, middle will be a list containing [2, 3, 4], and last will be 5.
Split a String into a List
*split, is used for iterable unpacking. The asterisk (*) collects the remaining elements into a list variable named split . In this case, it collects all the characters from the string.
The comma , after *split is used to indicate that it's a single-element tuple assignment. It's a syntax requirement to ensure that split becomes a list containing the characters.
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- Apr 9, 2023
Assigning multiple variables at once in Python
Updated: Apr 19, 2023
We can assign values to multiple variables by passing comma separated values as shown below:
If the same value needs to assigned to several variables, we can do it the following way:
If the values present in a list needs to be assigned one by one to different variables, we can do so in the following way.
The link to the Github repository is here .
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Assigning Multiple Values At Once
Here's a cool programming shortcut: in Python, you can use a tuple to assign multiple values at once.
>>> v = ('a', 2, True) >>> (x, y, z) = v ®
I. v is a tuple of three elements, and (x, y, z) is a tuple of three variables. Assigning one to the other assigns each of the values of v to each of the variables, in order.
This has all kinds of uses. Suppose you want to assign names to a range of values. You can use the built-in range() function with multi-variable assignment to quickly assign consecutive values.
>>> (MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY) = range(7) ® >>> MONDAY ®
1. The built-in range() function constructs a sequence of integers. (Technically, the range() function returns an iterator, not a list or a tuple, but you'll learn about that distinction later.) MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY, and SUNDAY are the variables you're defining. (This example came from the calendar module, a fun little module that prints calendars, like the UNIX program cal. The calendar module defines integer constants for days of the week.)
2. Now each variable has its value: MONDAY is 0, TUESDAY is 1, and so forth.
You can also use multi-variable assignment to build functions that return multiple values, simply by returning a tuple of all the values. The caller can treat it as a single tuple, or it can assign the values to individual variables. Many standard Python libraries do this, including the os module, which you'll learn about in the next chapter.
Continue reading here: Case study Parsing Phone Numbers
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How do we assign a value to several variables simultaneously in Python?
Python is not a "statically typed" programming language. We do not need to define variables or their types before utilizing them. Once we initially assign a value to a variable, it is said to be created. Each variable is assigned with a memory location.
The assignment operator (=) assigns the value provided to right to the variable name which is at its left.
The syntax of the assignment operator is shown below.
The following is the example which shows the usage of the assignment operator.
In Python, variable is really a label or identifier given to object stored in memory. Hence, same object can be identified by more than one variables.
a, b and c are three variables all referring to same object. This can be verified by id() function.
Python also allows different values to be assigned to different variables in one statement. Values from a tuple object are unpacked to be assigned to multiple variables.
Assigning values to several variables simultaneously.
Python assigns values in a left to right manner. Different variable names are provided to the left of the assignment operator, separated by a comma, when assigning multiple variables in a single line. The same is true for their values, except that they should be placed to the right of the assignment operator.
When declaring variables in this way, it's important to pay attention to the sequence in which the names and values are assigned. For example, the first variable name to the left of the assignment operator is assigned with the first value to the right, and so on.
Assigning homogenous data type at once
When all of the data elements in a structure are of the same data type, the structure is said to be homogenous. A single data type is shared by all the data items of a homogenous set. For instance: Arrays
In this example we will see how to assign a homogenous data type to variables in a single statement.
On executing the above code, the following output is obtained.
Assigning heterogeneous data types
Multiple types of data can be stored simultaneously in heterogeneous data structures.
In this example we will see how to assign a heterogenous data type to variables in a single statement.
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How to Initialize Multiple Variables to the Same Value in Python?
Summary: To initialize multiple variables to the same value in Python you can use one of the following approaches:
- Use chained equalities as: var_1 = var_2 = value
- Use dict.fromkeys
This article will guide you through the ways of assigning multiple variables with the same value in Python. Without further delay, let us dive into the solutions right away.
Method 1: Using Chained Equalities
You can use chained equalities to declare the variables and then assign them the required value.
It is evident from the above output that each variable has been assigned the same value and each of them point to the same memory location.
Method 2: Using dict.fromkeys
Approach: Use the dict.fromkeys(variable_list, val) method to set a specific value ( val ) to a list of variables ( variable_list ).
Discussion: It is evident from the above output that each variable assigned holds the same value. However, each variable occupies a different memory location. This is on account that each variable acts as a key of the dictionary and every key in a dictionary is unique. Thus, changes to a particular variable will not affect another variable as shown below:
Conceptual Read:
fromkeys() is a dictionary method that returns a dictionary based on specified keys and values passed within it as parameters. Syntax: dict.fromkeys(keys, value) ➡ keys is a required parameter that represents an iterable containing the keys of the new dictionary. ➡ value is an optional parameter that represents the values for all the keys in the new dictionary. By default, it is None .
Related Question
Let’s address a frequently asked question that troubles many coders.
Problem: I tried to use multiple assignment as show below to initialize variables, but I got confused by the behavior, I expect to reassign the values list separately, I mean b[0] and c[0] equal 0 as before.
But, why does the following assignment lead to a different behaviour?
Question Source: StackOverflow
Remember that everything in Python is treated as an object. So, when you chain multiple variables as in the above case all of them refer to the same object. This means, a , b and c are not different variables with same values rather they are different names given to the same object.
Thus, in the first case when you make a change at a certain index of variable a, i.e, a[0] = 1. This means you are making the changes to the same object that also has the names b and c. Thus the changes are reflected for b and c both along with a.
Verification:
To create a new object and assign it, you must use the copy module as shown below:
However, in the second case you are rebinding a different value to the variable a . This means, you are changing it in-place and that leads to a now pointing at a completely different value at a different location. Here, the value being changed is an interger and integers are immutable.
Follow the given illustration to visualize what’s happening in this case:
It is evident that after rebinding a new value to the variable a , it points to a different memory location, hence it now refers to a different object. Thus, changing the value of a in this case means we are creating a new object without touching the previously created object that was being referred by a , b and c .
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Python | Assign multiple variables with list values
We generally come through the task of getting certain index values and assigning variables out of them. The general approach we follow is to extract each list element by its index and then assign it to variables. This approach requires more line of code. Let’s discuss certain ways to do this task in compact manner to improve readability.
Method #1 : Using list comprehension By using list comprehension one can achieve this task with ease and in one line. We run a loop for specific indices in RHS and assign them to the required variables.
Time Complexity: O(n), where n is the length of the input list. This is because we’re using list comprehension which has a time complexity of O(n) in the worst case. Auxiliary Space: O(1), as we’re using additional space res other than the input list itself with the same size of input list.
Method #2 : Using itemgetter() itemgetter function can also be used to perform this particular task. This function accepts the index values and the container it is working on and assigns to the variables.
Method #3 : Using itertools.compress() compress function accepts boolean values corresponding to each index as True if it has to be assigned to the variable and False it is not to be used in the variable assignment.
Method #4: Using dictionary unpacking
using dictionary unpacking. We can create a dictionary with keys corresponding to the variables and values corresponding to the indices we want, and then unpack the dictionary using dictionary unpacking.
1. Create a list with the given values. 2. Create a dictionary with keys corresponding to the variables and values corresponding to the indices we want. 3. Unpack the dictionary using dictionary unpacking.
Time Complexity: O(1) Space Complexity: O(k), where k is the number of variables
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Example 1: Variable assignment in a single line can also be done for different data types. Python3 a, b = 4, 8 print("value assigned to a") print(a) print("value assigned to b") print(b) Output: value assigned to a 4 value assigned to b 8 Example 2:
You can assign the same value to multiple variables by using = consecutively. For example, this is useful when initializing multiple variables with the same value. a = b = 100 print(a) # 100 print(b) # 100 source: multi_variables_values.py
Python assigning multiple variables to same value? list behavior concerned with tuples, I want just variables may be a string, integer or dictionary More elegant way of declaring multiple variables at the same time The question has something I want to ask, but the accepted answer is much complex so what I'm trying to achieve,
Python allows you to assign values to multiple variables in one line: Example Get your own Python Server x, y, z = "Orange", "Banana", "Cherry" print(x) print(y) print(z) Try it Yourself » And you can assign the same value to multiple variables in one line: Example x = y = z = "Orange" print(x) print(y) print(z) Try it Yourself » Python Glossary
In Python, you can assign multiple variables at once using a single line of code by separating the variables with commas. This process is known as tuple unpacking. Here are eight examples explaining how multiple variable assignment works in Python: Example 1:
We can assign the same value to multiple variables in Python by using the assignment operator (=) consecutively between the variable names and assigning a single value at the end. For example: a = b = c = 200 The above code is equivalent to c = 200 b = c a = b In the above example, all three variables a, b, and c are assigned a value of 200.
In Python, it is possible to assign multiple values to multiple variables in a single line using the concept of tuple assignment. This is also known as "packing" or "unpacking". Here is an example: a, b, c = 1, 2, 3 print(a) # prints 1 print(b) # prints 2 print(c) # prints 3
syntax python-tricks The multiple assignment syntax, often referred to as tuple unpacking or extended unpacking, is a powerful feature in Python. There are several ways to assign multiple values to variables at once. Let's start with a first example that uses extended unpacking.
This tutorial explains how to assign multiple values or variables at once in Python. We can assign values to multiple variables by passing comma separated values as shown below: a, b, c = 10, 20, "Hello World!" print(a) print(b) print(c) #printing multiple values print(a,b,c) If the same value needs to assigned to several variables, we can do ...
12 It wouldn't make any sense for unpacking to depend on the variable names. The closest you can get is: a, b = [f () [k] for k in ('a', 'b')] This, of course, evaluates f () twice. You could write a function: def unpack (d, *keys) return tuple (d [k] for k in keys) Then do: a, b = unpack (f (), 'a', 'b')
The multiplication operator is used to assign the same value to multiple variables. main.py a, b, c = [0] * 3 print(a) # 0 print(b) # 0 print(c) # 0 print([0] * 3) # [0, 0, 0] Multiplying a list with an integer repeats the items in the list N times. main.py print(['a'] * 3) # ['a', 'a', 'a'] print([[]] * 3) # [ [], [], []]
Assigning Multiple Values At Once Last Updated on Wed, 27 Jun 2012 | Python Tutorial Here's a cool programming shortcut: in Python, you can use a tuple to assign multiple values at once. >>> v = ('a', 2, True) >>> (x, y, z) = v ® I. v is a tuple of three elements, and (x, y, z) is a tuple of three variables.
Once we initially assign a value to a variable, it is said to be created. Each variable is assigned with a memory location. The assignment operator (=) assigns the value ... Different variable names are provided to the left of the assignment operator, separated by a comma, when assigning multiple variables in a single line. The same is true for ...
5/5 - (1 vote) Summary: To initialize multiple variables to the same value in Python you can use one of the following approaches: Use chained equalities as: var_1 = var_2 = value. Use dict.fromkeys. This article will guide you through the ways of assigning multiple variables with the same value in Python. Without further delay, let us dive into ...
19 This question already has answers here : How do I create variable variables? (18 answers) Closed 1 year ago. I'm aware I can assign multiple variables to multiple values at once with: (foo, bar, baz) = 1, 2, 3 And have foo = 1, bar = 2, and so on. But how could I make the names of the variables more dynamic? Ie,
Method #1 : Using list comprehension By using list comprehension one can achieve this task with ease and in one line. We run a loop for specific indices in RHS and assign them to the required variables. Python3 test_list = [1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 3] print ("The original list is : " + str(test_list)) var1, var2, var3 = [test_list [i] for i in (1, 3, 5)]
This video is about simultaneous assignment in Python. It displays how to assign values to multiple variables at once. ------
Chain those equals signs!Python allows multiple assignments, or chained assignments, to assign multiple variables or expressions at once. This can be a usefu...
172 I tried to use multiple assignment as show below to initialize variables, but I got confused by the behavior, I expect to reassign the values list separately, I mean b [0] and c [0] equal 0 as before. a=b=c= [0,3,5] a [0]=1 print (a) print (b) print (c) Result is: [1, 3, 5] [1, 3, 5] [1, 3, 5]
In this video Assigning multiple variables in one line in Python is shown with easy examples. This video will assist you if you have any of the following que...
-1 How would I assign multiple variables to one GUI input box? Something like this: q1, q2, q3 = input () This isn't how the code would go, but this is just something I want it to be like: a, b, c = str (input ("Type in a command")) But not like this: